Horizontal centrifugal pump
Easy availability of its rotor and internals makes it easier to install, inspect, maintain, and repair.
It is coupled on to a range of drivers including the electrical motor, engine, and turbine (steam, gas, or power recovery hydraulic turbine
It is available in either overhang design for low suction pressure service, or in between-bearing design for top suction pressure service.
It is available in various nozzle configurations to simplify or match the external site piping. The nozzle configurations are often of end suction top discharge, top suction top discharge, or side suction side discharge.
Its low headroom requirement makes it suitable for many indoor installations.
It has limited applications where the NPSHR exceeds the location NPSHA; Large pumps usually require an auxiliary booster pump. (With a vertical lineshaft pump, the NPSHA is often increased by lowering the setting of its impeller.
A bigger footprint is required for horizontal designs.
Vertical centrifugal pump
Most of them require large headroom for installation, servicing, and maintenance. Being of an overhang design, its hydraulic axial thrust is difficult to balance in high-pressure service.
Usually suitable for direct coupling to an electrical motor. Using an engine or turbine would require a right-angle gear drive and a universal shaft joint and a clutch.
It can more easily withstand higher pressure service due to its simplified bolting and confined-gasket design
It requires a smaller footprint and is suitable for installation where the bottom area is restricted or is at a premium.
With a vertical lineshaft pump, the impeller setting below the bottom is often lowered to extend the location NPSHA.
Vertical lineshaft turbine pumps require large headroom for installation, servicing, and maintenance.
An expensive sump pit and barrel during a multistage pump is typically required.
There are often mechanical seal problems when pumping liquids with high dissolved or entrained gas which accumulates at the highest of the packing box or seal chamber where venting is often difficult or less effective.
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